Software development is the process of computer programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications and frameworks involved in a software release life cycle and resulting in a software product. The term refers to a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense of the term it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, ideally in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.
What Do We Know About Software Development In Startups?
Startups are newly created companies with little or no history of facing high volatility in technologies and markets. In the US alone, 476,000 new businesses are established each month, accounting for nearly 20 percent of job creation. As such, startups are an important factor in the economy. However, the environment of startups is dynamic, unpredictable, and even chaotic, forcing entrepreneurs to act quickly, fail fast, and learn faster to find a market niche and acquire a sustainable income. Sixty percent of startups don’t survive the first five years, and 75 percent of venture capital funded startups fail. Most of this is due to the high risk of startups, missed market windows, and other business reasons. To what extend engineering practices impact this high failure rate is still unknown given the premature state of research. We present a detailed investigation and collection of all known empirical software engineering sources related to startups and their engineering practices, as well as an analysis of how accurate and reliable this available evidence is. We see this as a first critical step into a largely unknown area—the world of software engineering practices in startups.
What Is a Startup?
In the past, the term “startup” had different meanings. Looking at the recurrent themes (Table 1 offers a complete list) adopted by researchers and practitioners, a startup is a small company exploring new business opportunities, working to solve a problem where the solution isn’t well known and the market is highly volatile. Being newly founded does not in itself make a company a startup. High uncertainty and rapid evolution are the two key characteristics for startups retrieved by the studies, which better differentiate them from more established companies. We retrieved and evaluated empirical evidence by using the systematic mapping study approach (see the sidebar).
Startup Software Development
“Done is better than perfect” and “move fast and break things” are slogans you might read when entering a startup workspace. What stands behind those slogans is a summary of more than 200 working practices. We reviewed these to point out where gaps exist and future development and research are warranted.
What are the Software Development Models?
The development models are the various processes or methodologies that are being selected for the development of the project depending on the project’s aims and goals. There are many development life cycle models that have been developed in order to achieve different required objectives. The models specify the various stages of the process and the order in which they are carried out.
There are various Software development models or methodologies. They are as follows:
1. Waterfall model
2. V model
3. Incremental model
4. RAD model
5. Agile model
6. Iterative model
7. Spiral model
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